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Glossary
- ultrasound
- API RP 1160
- API RP 1163
- API RP 1176
- API RP1174
- American Petroleum Institute (API)
- American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT)
- American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
- American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
- Canadian Energy Pipeline Association (CEPA)
- Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)
- International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
- Pipeline Operators Forum (POF)
- Pipeline Research Council International (PRCI)
- above-ground marker
- accelerated fatigue crack growth (AFCG)
- acoustic resonance technology (ART)
- alternating current (AC)
- angle of incidence (AOI)
- angled beam inspection
- anomaly
- arc strike
- as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP)
- assessment plan
- autogenous weld
- axial strain
- bend
- bending strain
- blister
- british standard (BS)
- brittle fracture
- buckle
- buckle arrestor
- buckle growth
- buckle propagation
- bulge
- carbon dioxide (CO2)
- casing
- cathodic protection (CP)
- certainty
- certification
- characteristic
- characterize
- charpy v-notch test (CVN)
- circumferential (Circ.)
- circumferential crack
- circumferential magnetic flux leakage (CMFL)
- classify
- clockwise (CW)
- close interval potential survey (CIPS)
- cluster
- clustering rules
- coating
- cold weld lack-of-fusion
- cold work
- combined features
- complex dent
- component
- computational tomography (CT)
- consequence
- contractor
- corrosion
- corrosion inhibitor
- corrosion resistant alloy (CRA)
- counter-clockwise (CCW)
- crack
- crack-tip opening displacement (CTOD)
- critical location
- data analysis
- debris
- defect
- deformation
- dent
- dent, complex
- dent, kinked
- dent, plain
- design pressure
- detect
- detection threshold
- direct assessment (DA)
- direct current (DC)
- direct current electric resistance welding (DC-ERW)
- direct current voltage gradient (DCVG)
- disbonded coating
- disbondment coating
- discontinuity
- double joint
- double submerged arc welded pipe (DSAW)
- drag reducer
- drop weight tear 20 testing (DWT)
- ductility
- eddy current inspection
- electric fusion welded pipe (EFW)
- electric resistance welded pipe (ERW)
- electrode discharge machining (EDM)
- electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT)
- emergency shutdown valve (ESDV)
- engineering critical assessment (ECA)
- engineering, procurement, installation, and construction (EPIC)
- enhanced sizing (ES)
- environment
- environmentally assisted cracking (EAC)
- estimated repair factor (ERF)
- estimated rupture pressure (ERP)
- evaluation
- examination
- external corrosion direct assessment (ECDA)
- failure
- failure assessment diagram (FAD)
- failure pressure ratio (FPR)
- fatigue
- fault
- feature
- field joint
- first run success (FRS)
- fitness-for-purpose (FFP)
- fitness-for-service (FFS)
- flash welding
- flaw
- floating production storage and offloading (FPSO)
- flow enhancer
- flow improver
- fracture initiation transition temperature (FITT)
- fracture propagation transition temperature (FPTT)
- fracture toughness
- full field inversion (FFI)
- fusion bonded epoxy coating (FBE)
- gas transmission system
- geodetic datum
- girth weld
- girth weld crack
- global buckle
- gouge
- grade
- grinding
- guided wave ultrasonic testing (GWUT)
- hard spot
- hazard and operability study (HAZOP)
- hazard identification (HAZID)
- hazardous liquid
- heat-affected zone (HAZ)
- helical submerged arc welding (HSAW)
- high frequency (HF)
- high-consequence area (HCA)
- high-frequency electrical resistance weld (HF-ERW)
- high-strength low-alloy (HSLA)
- hook crack
- hot tap
- hydrogen (H2)
- hydrogen stress cracking (HSC)
- hydrogen sulfide (H2S)
- hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC)
- hydrostatic test
- imperfection
- in-the-ditch (ITD)
- incident
- inclusion
- indentation
- indication
- inertial measurement unit (IMU)
- inhibitor
- inline inspection (ILI)
- inline inspection (ILI) report
- inline inspection (ILI) technology
- inline inspection (ILI) tool
- inline inspection (ILI) tool validation
- inspection
- integrity
- integrity assessment
- integrity management plan (IMP)
- integrity management program
- intelligent pig
- interaction of anomalies
- internal corrosion direct assessment (ICDA)
- internal diameter (ID)
- internal navigation system (INS)
- joint
- joint industry project (JIP)
- kinked dent
- lack of fusion (LOF)
- lamination
- lap
- lap welded (LW)
- lateral strain
- launcher
- leak
- liquid transmission system
- liquid-penetrant testing (PT)
- local buckle
- low frequency (LF)
- low-frequency electric resistance weld (LF-ERW)
- magnetic flux leakage (MFL)
- magnetic particle (MP)
- magnetic particle inspection (MPI)
- magnetic particle testing (MT)
- mapping tool
- material identification
- maximum allowable operating pressure (MAOP)
- maximum operating pressure (MOP)
- measured wall thickness
- measurement threshold
- mechanical damage (MD)
- metal loss
- microbiologically induced corrosion (MIC)
- mile post (MP)
- mill test reports (MTR)
- mill-related anomaly
- mitigation
- mitigative action
- natural gas liquids (NGL)
- nominal pipe size (NPS)
- nominal wall thickness
- non-destructive evaluation (NDE)
- non-destructive examination (NDE)
- non-destructive testing (NDT)
- operating stress
- operator
- outer diameter (OD)
- ovality
- peaking
- penetrator
- performance specification
- personal protective equipment (PPE)
- personnel qualification
- persons on board (POB)
- phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT)
- pig
- pig launcher receiver (PLR)
- pig trap
- pigging
- pinhole
- pipe and performance tracking system (PPTS)
- pipe grade
- pipe-to-soil potential
- pipeline end manifold (PLEM)
- pipeline integrity management system (PIMS)
- pipeline pig
- pipeline system
- pitch and catch (PC)
- pitting
- plain dent
- plan, do, check, act (PDCA)
- plastic collapse ductile fracture
- polyethylene (PE)
- polyethylene (PE) tape coating
- post-weld heat treatment (PWHT)
- pressure cycle analysis (PCA)
- pressure test
- preventive measures
- probability of detection (POD)
- probability of failure
- probability of false reporting (POFR)
- probability of identification (POI)
- probability of reporting (POR)
- probability of sizing (POS)
- processed raw data
- propagating buckle
- pulse echo (PE)
- qualification
- quality control (QC)
- raw data
- receiver
- recommended practice (RP)
- reference magnet
- reference wall thickness
- remaining life
- remedial action
- remediation
- reporting threshold
- residual stress
- right-of-way (ROW)
- ripple
- risk
- risk assessment
- river-bottom profile (RBP)
- roll mark
- roof topping
- rupture
- seam weld
- seamless
- segment
- selective seam weld corrosion (SSWC)
- shielding
- single submerged arc weld (SSAW)
- sizing accuracy
- skelp
- sliver
- smart pig
- spalling
- specified minimum yield strength (SMYS)
- spike test
- stand-off (SO)
- strain
- strength test
- stress
- stress corrosion cracking (SCC)
- stress corrosion cracking direct assessment (SCCDA)
- stress level
- submerged arc weld (SAW)
- subsea isolation valve (SSIV)
- sulfide stress cracking (SSC)
- supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA)
- surge pressure transient pressure
- survey
- tangential eddy current array (TECA)
- technical data sheet (TDS)
- tensile strength
- tensile stress
- time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD)
- time-of-flight measurement (TOF)
- toe crack
- tolerance
- tool
- transducer
- transit fatigue
- trap
- ultrasonic technology (UT)
- ultrasonic testing (UT)
- verification
- water (H2O)
- wax appearance temperature (WAT)
- weld
- weld affected area
- weld anomaly
- wrinkle
- wrinkle bend
- yield stress (YS)
ultrasound
Refers to sound waves with frequencies above the upper limit of human hearing, typically above 20,000 Hz. Ultrasound is used to determine wall thickness and to detect the presence of defects.
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